Job enrichment: Managerial Tool in the 21st century

Abstract Job enrichment has evolved immensely since its beginnings as part of Frederick Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory. It is now a catch-all for various managerial tools. Some of these tools of job enrichment are fads that will fade away, but some of them are useful and proven to yield positive results. The techniques for applying job enrichment however are reliant on a thorough examination of both the job and the employee if the manager wants to …

…author address the complexity of job enrichment and that most of those who try will fail because they don't know enough about it. There is also evidence of "sabotage" by mangers that are just not interested in putting for the effort toward something they don't believe will work to begin with. It also addresses why job enrichment may actually cause discomfort at the lower managerial levels as some employees perceive job enrichment as zero sum.