Cellular level organization.

A. Cell Theory 1. All organisms, both unicellular and multicellular, are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest units of living matter and structural and functional units of all organisms. 3. In 1830's, Mathias Schleiden (plants) and Theodore Schwann (animals) declared organisms were made of cells. 4. Cells are capable of self-reproduction; Rudolf Virchow declared cells come only from preexisting cells. B. Cell Size 1. Cells range in size from a frog's egg (one millimeter) down to one …

…two objects before they are seen as one larger object. 6. Immunofluorescence microscopy uses fluorescent antibodies to review proteins in cells. 7. Confocal microscopy uses laser beam to focus on shallow plane; forms series of optical sections. 8. Video-enhanced contrast microscopy accentuates the light and dark regions and may use a computer to contrast regions with false colors. 9. Bright-field, phase contrast, differential interference and darkfield are different types of light microscopy that improve ability to see various features.