What distinguished the final War of Independence (1895-1898) from the earlier Ten Years' War (1868-1878) and the short-lived Guerra Chiquita (1879-1880) was the war's success throughout the majority of the island, the final ousting of the Spanish through the American intervention, the espousal of an egalitarian ideology by a radical multiracial military leadership, and the iconization of the war's two most revered heroes: José Martí and Antonio Maceo. As has been documented, the aims of …showed first 75 words of 2583 total…

…showed last 75 words of 2583 total…Black and Blue on San Juan Hill," in Cultures of United States Imperialism, ed. Amy Kaplan and Donald E. Pease, 219-236. Durham: Duke University Press. Pérez Jr., Louis A. 1983. Cuba Between Empires, 1878-1902. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. Scott, Rebecca J. 1985. "Class Relations in Sugar and Political Mobilization in Cuba, 1868-1899." Cuban Studies 15(1): 15-28. 1994. "Defining the Boundaries of Freedom in the World of Cane: Cuba, Brazil, and Louisiana after Emancipation." American Historical Review 99(1): 70-102.