Money and Banking

1. Give a synopsis of the development of the concept of banking. There are a number of innovations in the emergence of the concept of banking. These include the depository operations of metal smiths, written orders to pay bank notes. The recognition that depositors typically withdraw only a small fraction of the valuables, which they have on deposit, the possibility of lending gold while it is on deposit, and ultimately the possibility of lending a multiple …

…put pressure on employers to raise wages, a factor that tends to force up prices still further. Those who lend money expect to be paid back in inflation-adjusted dollars. Retired people want their social security and other pension payments to increase with the cost of living. As inflation continues, people expect it to become even worse and try to compensate for it in advance. The simple expectation of inflation thus helps to keep it going.