Concise study notes on types of motivation in language learning; characteristics of motivated learners and ways of increasing motivation

TYPES OF MOTIVATION 1.INTRINSIC - your own reasons to study 2.EXTRINSIC - sources of external motivation: - desire of students to please an authority, their wish to succeed in an external exam, or peer-group influences (these CANNOT be influenced by the teacher) - success and its rewards; failure and its penalties; authoritative demands, tests, competition (these ARE affected by the teacher action) 3.INTEGRATIVE - immigration 4.INSTRUMENTAL - for a job, for career advancement 5.GLOBAL - …

…a partner's picture Variation: OPINION GAP - participants exchange views on a given issue PERSONALIZATION Learners are more likely to be interested in tasks that have to do with themselves: their own or each other's opinions, tastes, experiences, suggestions OPEN-ENDED CUES A cue whish invites a number of possible responses is usually more stimulating than one with only one right answer: participants' contributions are unpredictable, and are more likely to be interesting, original and humorous.